Social questions for 3 year old5/1/2023 Researchers have used brief stories, films, videotapes or slides to simulate a witnessed event. (m)ost research on children as eyewitnesses has relied upon situations that are very different from the personal involvement and potential trauma of sexual abuse. At that conference some researchers made the following types of statements: For example, in 1989, Cornell University hosted an international conferences which called together major researchers in the area of child testimony (J. Reviews of the literature that were published only a few years ago, are now out-of-date. It is important to understand that this is a rapidly expanding area of inquiry. These studies go beyond the examination of how a single misleading question influences children's reports rather, they examine the effects of a host of implicit and explicit suggestive techniques that can be woven into the fabric of the interview through the use of bribes, threats, repetitions of certain questions, and the induction of stereotypes and expectancies (Ceci & Bruck, 1993a). One important area of study concerns the effects of different interviewing techniques on the reliability of children's reports. As more and more children are called to court to provide uncorroborated testimony, especially in cases involving child sexual abuse, social scientists have turned their attention from studying the effects of a single misleading question on children's recall of neutral, nonscripted, and often uninteresting events, to examining the accuracy of children's testimony under a range of conditions that are characteristic of those that bring children to court. In the past 5 years, there has been a major paradigmatic shift in this research in an attempt to make it more forensically relevant. There have been many studies that examine the influence of a single misleading suggestion on children's recall of an event generally, these studies indicate that in a variety of conditions, young children are more suggestible than adults with preschoolers being more vulnerable than any other age group (see attached article by Ceci and Bruck, 1993a for the most recent review of this literature). In other words, the primary evidence has been destroyed.Ĭ:hildren's suggestibility has been a focus of research since the turn of the twentieth century. Finally, we will argue that the failure to record the initial interviews with any of the child witnesses rules out the possibility of ever reaching any firm conclusion as to whether any abuse actually occurred. The Wee Care children were not interviewed under these safer conditions. This brief also contains a summary of some of the conditions which have been shown to increase the reliability of young children's reports, and which act as a safeguard against the production of false reports. Referring to interviews used with Wee Care children, we conclude that the procedures of interviewing these children were so faulty that they may have substantially increased the risk that the children's subsequent reports were mere reflections of the interviewers' suggestions. Our primary focus is on the conditions under which preschool children are most suggestible. In this brief, we present a summary of the pertinent social science research that addresses the issues of children's suggestibility. As will be explained, these same interview conditions, which have a high risk of contaminating young children's reports, characterize the available investigative interviews carried out with the 20 child witnesses in the Kelly Michaels case. Although some of these studies document the strengths of young children's memories, increasing numbers of studies highlight their weaknesses when they are interviewed under certain conditions. In the past decade, there has been an exponential increase in research on the accuracy of young children's memories and the degree to which young children's memories and reports can be molded by suggestions implanted by adult interviewers. Presented by Committee of Concerned Social Scientists) (From the Amicus Brief for the Case of State of New Jersey v.
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